你是否在英文写作中踩过这些坑?
- 把形容词顺序写成”The blue, giant, ugly sea monster”(正确顺序应为”The ugly, giant, blue sea monster”)
- 分不清”make”和”do”,写出”I will do a cake”(我要”做”蛋糕)的尴尬句子
- 主宾格混淆导致”Me and my professor discussed the thesis”这样的语法灾难
作为润色ESL论文2000+的资深语言专家,他发现这些错误会直接影响学术写作的专业度。本文将通过真实案例+资深语言专家访谈,手把手教你攻克三大顽疾。
错误一:形容词顺序混乱(Improper Adjective Order)
典型错误案例:
“The blue, giant, ugly sea monster swims in the ocean.”
(蓝色的、巨大的、丑陋的海怪在海洋中游动)
母语者正确写法:
“The ugly, giant, blue sea monster swims in the ocean.”
黄金排序法则:
顺序 | 形容词类型 | 示例 |
---|---|---|
1 | 观点/评价 | beautiful, ugly |
2 | 尺寸 | large, tiny |
3 | 形状 | round, square |
4 | 年龄 | new, ancient |
5 | 颜色 | red, metallic |
6 | 起源 | Chinese, organic |
7 | 材质 | wooden, silk |
8 | 用途 | cooking (knife) |
实操作业:
错误句子:”She bought a Chinese, round, small, antique table.”
分步矫正:
- antique(年龄)→ small(尺寸)→ round(形状)→ Chinese(起源)
- 正确语序:”She bought a small, antique, round, Chinese table.”
错误二:混淆Make与Do(Mistaking Make/Do)
灾难现场:
“I have to make my homework and then do a cake for the party.”
(我要”制造”作业,然后为派对”做”蛋糕)
语义纠正:
“I have to do my homework and then make a cake for the party.”
核心区分原则:
- Do:执行常规动作(无新产物)
- do laundry(洗衣服)
- do research(做研究)
- Make:创造新事物
- make progress(取得进展)
- make a decision(作出决定)
学术写作高频搭配:markdown
- make contributions to...(对...作出贡献)
- do an analysis of...(开展分析)
- make adjustments to...(进行调整)
- do experiments on...(进行实验)
错误三:主宾格混淆(Confusing Me/I)
社死案例:
“Me and my supervisor discussed the data.”
(我和导师讨论了数据)
语法矫正:
“My supervisor and I discussed the data.”
3秒自检法:
- 删除其他人物:”
My supervisor andme discussed…” → 明显错误 - 主格替换验证:”I discussed…” → 正确
毕业论文正确示范:
错误:”The results were shared between my colleague and I.”
正确:”The results were shared between my colleague and me.”
资深写作教师深度访谈
采访对象:ACADBOX 资深润色编辑,润色文稿2000+
Q:ESL学生写作最大痛点?
A:”过度依赖同义词词典!比如学生把’show’替换成’manifest’,写出’The data manifests the trend’——实际上’manifest’多用于负面语境(如疾病显现症状)”
三大救命锦囊:
- 慎用同义词工具:替换前用Google搜索”关键词+例句”验证用法
- 语料库学习法:登录Linggle.com输入”make/do * research”查看真实论文搭配
- 结构升级技巧:
原句:”We did an experiment. The experiment failed.”
优化:”The experiment we conducted failed, which prompted further investigation.”